When viewed from an engineer’s perspective, biology is often messy and imperfect. For example, redundancy is a common feature of biological systems, with the job of one biological component overlapping with that of another.
A study, recently published in the journal eLife, investigates whether some types of biological redundancy can—despite the apparent inefficiency—actually be beneficial.
Translation: A biological process with a high degree of redundancy
Translation is an energetically costly process by which cells convert genetic information into proteins. The decoding process is performed by ribosomes and transfer RNAs (tRNAs). These important biological molecules are themselves encoded in the cell’s genetic information, often by several (and sometimes hundreds) of identical gene copies.
For example, the commonly used laboratory bacterial strain Escherichia coli K-12 MG1655 contains seven copies of
While some scholars of training might categorize gifted training beneath the umbrella of “particular schooling,” this pedagogical method is way totally different based on college students’ capabilities. 33 Students with disabilities are usually included in their neighborhood school, although could also be positioned in particular faculties. You spent significant time speaking to considered one of these students and ended up meeting for espresso later within the week. Up to now, most college students with special needs have been excluded from faculty. Endocrine: The hormone act on the target cells as soon as it’s released from the respective glands into the bloodstream.
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